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your Brake Master Cylinder (BMC) displaces a fixed volume of brake fluid with every stroke (depression of the brake pedal). Because brake fluid cannot be compressed, that same volume that is displaced by the BMC will displace the piston at the other end of the system (in the caliper). Since this is a closed system, and since the volume by which the piston is displaced will be equal to the area of the piston times its stroke, you can predict what will happen when the area of the piston is changed, but the volume of the fluid displacing it remains constant. In this case, the stroke will become shorter. If the stroke of the caliper is insufficient then you will get a mushy brake pedal, and possibly reduced clamping pressure. In a situation where the rotor size is increased, and the caliper piston stroke is decreased, it's not unlikely that the net effect on the system will be worse than whatever you "upgraded" from. Of course all of this can be remedied by upgrading your BMC, but you would want to put some thought into it beforehand.
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